1. Bronchodilator activity of Mikania glomerata Sprengel on human bronchi and guinea-pig trachea.

Soares de Moura R, Costa SS, Jansen JM, Silva CA, Lopes CS, Bernardo-Filho M, Nascimento da Silva V, Criddle DN, Portela BN, Rubenich LM, Araujo RG, Carvalho LC.

J Pharm Pharmacol 2002 Feb;54(2):249-56

PMID: 11858213 [PubMed - in process]

2. Analgesic sesquiterpene dilactone from Mikania cordata.

Ahmed M, Rahman MT, Alimuzzaman M, Shilpi JA.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. phardu@citechco.net

Fitoterapia 2001 Dec;72(8):919-21

PMID: 11731117 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

3. A novel 1:1 complex of potassium mikanin-3-O-sulfate with methanol.

Jiang RW, He ZD, But PP, Chan YM, Ma SC, Mak TC.

Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001 Sep;49(9):1166-9

PMID: 11558604 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Germacranolides from Mikania guaco.

Rungeler P, Brecht V, Tamayo-Castillo G, Merfort I. Institut fur Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitat Freiburg, Germany.

Phytochemistry 2001 Mar;56(5):475-89

PMID: 11261581 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5. Development of a profitable procedure for the extraction of 2-H-1-benzopyran-2-one (coumarin) from Mikania glomerata.
Cabral LM, dos Santos TC, Alhaique F.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmacia, Dep. de Medicamentos, CCS, RJ-Brazil.

Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2001 Jan;27(1):103-6

PMID: 11247531 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6. A novel bisnorditerpenelactone from Mikania hirsutissima.

Ohkoshi E, Makino M, Fujimoto Y.

College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2000 Nov;48(11):1774-5

PMID: 11086912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7. Antiulcer activity of Mikania cordata.

Paul RK, Jabbar A, Rashid MA.

Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Fitoterapia 2000 Dec;71(6):701-3

PMID: 11077180 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

8. The anti-ulcerogenic effect of an alkaloidal fraction from Mikania cordata on diclofenac sodium-induced gastrointestinal lesions in rats.

Mosaddik MA, Alam KM.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. lcc@swadesh.net

J Pharm Pharmacol 2000 Sep;52(9):1157-62

PMID: 11045898 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

9. In vitro screening of american plant extracts on Trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis.

Muelas-Serrano S, Nogal JJ, Martinez-Diaz RA, Escario JA, Martinez-Fernandez AR, Gomez-Barrio A.

Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

J Ethnopharmacol 2000 Jul;71(1-2):101-7

PMID: 10904152 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Antimicrobial properties of Honduran medicinal plants.

Lentz DL, Clark AM, Hufford CD, Meurer-Grimes B, Passreiter CM, Cordero J, Ibrahimi O, Okunade AL.

J Ethnopharmacol 1998 Dec;63(3):253-63

PMID: 10030730 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

11. A diterpene from Mikania obtusata active on Trypanosoma cruzi.

Alves TM, Chaves PP, Santos LM, Nagem TJ, Murta SM, Ceravolo IP, Romanha AJ, Zani CL.

Planta Med 1995 Feb;61(1):85-7

PMID: 7701002 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12. Mutagenicity, insecticidal and trypanocidal activity of some Paraguayan Asteraceae.

Rojas de Arias A, Ferro E, Inchausti A, Ascurra M, Acosta N, Rodriguez E, Fournet A.

Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (I.I.C.S.), Rio de la Plata y La Gerenza, Paraguay.

J Ethnopharmacol 1995 Jan;45(1):35-41

PMID: 7739225 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13. Stimulation of hepatic protein synthesis in response to Mikania cordata root extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Mandal PK, Bishayee A, Chatterjee M.

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India.

Ital J Biochem 1992 Nov-Dec;41(6):345-51

PMID: 1283858 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

14. Pharmacological screening of plants recommended by folk medicine as anti-snake venom--I. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Ruppelt BM, Pereira EF, Goncalves LC, Pereira NA.

Departamento de Farmacologia, CCS-ICB, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1991;86 Suppl 2:203-5

PMID: 1842002 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

15. Inhibition of leukotriene and platelet activating factor synthesis in leukocytes by the sesquiterpene lactone scandenolide.

Ysrael MC, Croft KD.

Research Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.

Planta Med 1990 Jun;56(3):268-70

PMID: 2168055 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Antimicrobial activity of kaurenoic acid derivatives substituted on carbon-15.

Davino SC, Giesbrecht AM, Roque NF.

Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brasil.

Braz J Med Biol Res 1989;22(9):1127-9

PMID: 2517587 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

17. Neuropharmacological studies on Mikania cordata root extract.

Bhattacharya S, Pal S, Chaudhuri AK.

Planta Med 1988 Dec;54(6):483-7

PMID: 3212071 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

18. Chemoprophylaxis of schistosomiasis: molluscacidal activity of natural products--assays with adult snails and oviposition [Article in Portuguese]

de Souza CP, de Azevedo ML, Lopes JL, Sarti SJ, dos Santos Filho D, Lopes JN, Vichnewski W, Nasi AM, Leitao Filho HF.

An Acad Bras Cienc 1984 Sep;56(3):333-8

PMID: 6548884 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

19. Micordilin, a complex elemanolide from Mikania cordifolia.

Herz W, Subramaniam PS, Murari R, Dennis N, Blount JF.

J Org Chem 1977 May 13;42(10):1720-5

PMID: 853323 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

20. Contribution to the botanical study of Mikania hirsutissima DC. var. hirsutissima. II. Eternal morphology and anatomy of the leaf, flower, fruit and seed [Article in Portuguese]

de Oliveira F.

Rev Farm Bioquim Univ Sao Paulo 1972 Jan-Jun;10(1):15-36

PMID: 4645496 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

1. Bronchodilator activity of Mikania glomerata Sprengel on human bronchi and guinea-pig trachea.

Soares de Moura R, Costa SS, Jansen JM, Silva CA, Lopes CS, Bernardo-Filho M, Nascimento da Silva V, Criddle DN, Portela BN, Rubenich LM, Araujo RG, Carvalho LC.

J Pharm Pharmacol 2002 Feb;54(2):249-56

Departamento de Farmacologia, IB-UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. demoura@uerj.Br The effects of aqueous extracts and hydro-alcoholic extract (HAE), and of a dichloromethane fraction (MG1) obtained from the HAE of Mikania glomerata leaves on isolated respiratory and vascular smooth muscle have been investigated. Aqueousextracts and HAE induced a significant inhibition on the histamine contractions on the isolated guinea-pig trachea. HAE extract induced a concentration-dependent relaxation on guinea-pig trachea pre-contracted with histamine (IC50 0.34 (0.29-0.39) mg mL(-1)), acetylcholine (IC50 0.72 (0.67-0.77) mg mL(-1)) or K+ (IC50 1.41 (1.18-1.64) mg mL(-1)) and on isolated human bronchi precontracted with K+ (IC50 0.34 (0.26-0.42) mg mL(-1)). The dichloromethane fraction induced a concentration dependent relaxation in guinea-pig trachea precontracted with K+ (IC50 0.017 (0.012-0.022) mg mL(-1)).

The dichloromethane fraction had also a small vasodilator effect on the isolated mesenteric vascular bed and on the isolated rat aorta, and a significant reduction of the oedema induced by subplantar injections of Bothropsjararaca venom in mice. When tested on plasmid DNA, MG1 did not damage the DNA. Chromatographic analysis showed the presence of 11.4% w/w coumarin in MG1. The results supported the indication of M. glomerata products for the treatment of respiratory diseases where bronchoconstriction is present.

PMID: 11858213 [PubMed - in process]

2. Analgesic sesquiterpene dilactone from Mikania cordata.

Ahmed M, Rahman MT, Alimuzzaman M, Shilpi JA.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. phardu@citechco.net

Fitoterapia 2001 Dec;72(8):919-21

The crude extract of Mikania cordata (1 and 3 g/kg, p.o.) and deoxymikanolide (1) (10 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing in mice. Three other sesquiterpene dilactones isolated from the same plant, namely mikanolide, dihydromikanolide and scandenolide, did not show significant analgesic activity.

PMID: 11731117 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

3. A novel 1:1 complex of potassium mikanin-3-O-sulfate with methanol.

Jiang RW, He ZD, But PP, Chan YM, Ma SC, Mak TC.

Department of Chemistry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2001 Sep;49(9):1166-9

Mikanin-3-O-sulfate (1), in the form of its potassium salt, together with mikanin (2) and alpinetin (3) were isolated from Mikania micrantha. The crystal structures of K(1) x CH3OH, 2 and 3 x H2O were established by X-ray crystallography. The potassium ions in K(1) x CHO3H are bridged by O5, O7 and O8 to form a chain of face-sharing KO8 coordination polyhedra, from which the aglycon units are outstretched to form a polymeric molecular column. Adjacent molecular columns are linked by pi-pi stacking between parallel, intercalating aglycon units to form layers matching the (101) family of planes, which are further interconnected into a three-dimensional supramolecular assembly. Sulfation at 3-OH induced better co-planarity and conjugation of the rings.

PMID: 11558604 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Germacranolides from Mikania guaco.

Rungeler P, Brecht V, Tamayo-Castillo G, Merfort I. Institut fur Pharmazeutische Biologie, Universitat Freiburg, Germany.

Phytochemistry 2001 Mar;56(5):475-89

Fourteen novel sesquiterpene lactones of the germacranolide type have been isolated from the aerial parts of Mikania guaco: six costunolide, two melampolide and six germacra-4-trans,10(14),11(13)-trien-12.6alpha-olide derivatives. Except for one compound all the others possess a carbonyl function at C-9. Eight were obtained in the form of four isomer pairs which were difficult to separate. Structure elucidation was based on mass and ID and 2D NMR measurements. Low energy conformations were obtained by quantum mechanical calculations. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids could not be detected.

PMID: 11261581 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5. Development of a profitable procedure for the extraction of 2-H-1-benzopyran-2-one (coumarin) from Mikania glomerata.
2-H-1-benzopyran-2-one (coumarin) from Mikania glomerata. Cabral LM, dos Santos TC, Alhaique F.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmacia, Dep. de Medicamentos, CCS, RJ-Brazil.

Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2001 Jan;27(1):103-6

This report deals with a new procedure suitable for the extraction of coumarin 1 from Mikania glomerata. The aim of this investigation is to obtain this compound in an economically profitable way, taking into account the yield of its extraction, the cost, and the time of the overall process. Fresh and dried plants collected in several areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro were used, and seasonal effects on coumarin content were studied. Obtained results indicated that extraction with a 1% (w/v) NaOH solution, under appropriate conditions, allows a simple and complete recovery of the desired product and that the best yields were obtained with the fresh aerial parts of the plant. Season and area of harvesting effects have also been studied.

PMID: 11247531 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6. A novel bisnorditerpenelactone from Mikania hirsutissima.

Ohkoshi E, Makino M, Fujimoto Y.

College of Pharmacy, Nihon University, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2000 Nov;48(11):1774-5

A novel bisnorkaurenic acid-type diterpenelactone, named mikanialactone (1), was isolated along with five known kaurenic acid-type diterpenes (2-6) from the aerial parts of Mikania hirsutissima DC (Compositae). The structure of the new bisnorditerpene was determined by spectroscopic means.

PMID: 11086912 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7. Antiulcer activity of Mikania cordata.

Paul RK, Jabbar A, Rashid MA.

Phytochemical Research Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka-1000, Bangladesh.

Fitoterapia 2000 Dec;71(6):701-3

The alkaloidal fraction obtained from an ethanolic extract of the leaves of Mikania cordata exhibited significant in vivo antiulcer activity in diclofenac sodium-induced gastric erosions in Long Evans rats.

PMID: 11077180 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

8. The anti-ulcerogenic effect of an alkaloidal fraction from Mikania cordata on diclofenac sodium-induced gastrointestinal lesions in rats.

Mosaddik MA, Alam KM.

Department of Pharmacy, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh. lcc@swadesh.net

J Pharm Pharmacol 2000 Sep;52(9):1157-62

A decoction of Mikania cordata (Compositae) is commonly used for the treatment of gastric ulcer in the Rajbari district of Bangladesh. We have evaluated the anti-ulcerogenic effect of the alkaloidal fraction from the whole plant of M. cordata on diclofenac sodium-induced gastrointestinal lesion in rats. Long Evan’s rats were divided into five groups. The control group was kept undisturbed. The vehicle group received vehicle after a 48-h fast. The diclofenac group received diclofenac sodium suspension (80 mg kg(-1)) after a 48-h fast. The diclofenac-ranitidine group (anti-ulcer drug used as a standard) received 35 mg kg(-1) ranitidine hydrochloride suspension 1 h after diclofenac sodium administration, after a 48-h fast. The diclofenac-extract group received alkaloidal fraction (50 mg kg(-1)) 1 h after diclofenac administration, after a 48-h fast. The biochemical, morphological and histological changes were studied. The data showed that the pH values of the stomach and duodenum were increased significantly (P < 0.001) in the alkaloidal-administered group compared with the control group (3.09 +/- 0.0429 vs 2.07 +/- 0.0339 and 6.79 +/- 0.1162 vs 6.19 +/- 0.1273, respectively). There were significant changes (P < 0.001) detected in the morphological study. The ulcer index of the stomach (0.268 +/- 0.0346) and of the duodenum (0.050 +/- 0.0129) in the alkaloidal-administered group were significantly lower than the diclofenac-only administered group (0.691 +/- 0.0184 and 0.0933 +/- 0.0138, respectively). According to the grading of tissue damage in the histological study, there were less or no lesions on the gastrointestinal mucosa of the alkaloidal-administered group compared with the diclofenac-only group (0 vs 5, respectively). When the results of the alkaloid extract group where compared with the ranitidine hydrochloride group a similar or more potent effect was observed with the alkaloidal extract group. The results of this study revealed that the bioactive principles of M. cordata have anti-ulcerogenic effects. The results validate the traditional use of this plant for the treatment of gastric ulcer in Bangladesh.

PMID: 11045898 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

9. In vitro screening of american plant extracts on Trypanosoma cruzi and trichomonas vaginalis.

Muelas-Serrano S, Nogal JJ, Martinez-Diaz RA, Escario JA, Martinez-Fernandez AR, Gomez-Barrio A.

Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

J Ethnopharmacol 2000 Jul;71(1-2):101-7

From the beginning of this decade and with the revival of the phytotherapy, biological research about immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antiprotozoal effects of Central and South American plants have been in progress. Our objective was to determine the antiprotozoal activity of 79 extracts from different plant families, including Asteraceae, Araceae, Moraceae, Solanaceae, Rhamnaceae, Zingiberaceae, Leguminosae and Sapotaceae. Once matching with herbarium specimens authenticated the plants, selected parts were separated, dried carefully and reduced to powder. Most of the screened extracts were aqueous. Two protozoa with different metabolic pathways, Trypanosoma cruzi and Trichomonas vaginalis were used as experimental models. Trypanocidal activity of plants was assayed on epimastigote cultures in liver infusion tryptose (LIT). Anti-Trichomonas activity was determined over cultures of the parasite in Diamond medium. In both cases, microscopic counting of parasites, after their incubation in the presence of different concentrations of the crude extracts, were made in order to determine the cytocidal and cytostatic activities respect to control cultures. Of the nine extracts that showed antiprotozoal activity, those from Mikania cordifolia and Philodendron bipinnatifidum were then fractionated, and again, were assayed the organic and aqueous phases obtained.

PMID: 10904152 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Antimicrobial properties of Honduran medicinal plants.

Lentz DL, Clark AM, Hufford CD, Meurer-Grimes B, Passreiter CM, Cordero J, Ibrahimi O, Okunade AL.

J Ethnopharmacol 1998 Dec;63(3):253-63

The New York Botanical Garden, Harding Laboratory, Bronx, 10458, USA. Ninety-two plants used in the traditional pharmacopoeia of the Pech and neighboring Mestizo peoples of central Honduras are reported. The results of in vitro antimicrobial screens showed that 19 of the extracts from medicinal plants revealed signs of antifungal activity while 22 demonstrated a measurable inhibitory effect on one or more bacterial cultures. Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Mikania micrantha, Neurolaena lobata and Piper aduncum produced weak to moderately active isolates. The broad spectrum of activity of the extracts helps to explain the widespread use of these plants for wound healing and other applications.

PMID: 10030730 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

11. A diterpene from Mikania obtusata active on Trypanosoma cruzi.

Alves TM, Chaves PP, Santos LM, Nagem TJ, Murta SM, Ceravolo IP, Romanha AJ, Zani CL.

Planta Med 1995 Feb;61(1):85-7

The diterpene ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (1) was identified as the trypanocidal component of the ethanolic extract from Mikania obtusata D. C. (Asteraceae). This compound presents an IC50 of 0.5 mg/ml (1.66 mM) against the trypomastigote blood form of the Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas’ disease (American trypanosomiasis).

Publication Types: Letter

PMID: 7701002 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12. Mutagenicity, insecticidal and trypanocidal activity of some Paraguayan Asteraceae.

Rojas de Arias A, Ferro E, Inchausti A, Ascurra M, Acosta N, Rodriguez E, Fournet A.

Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud (I.I.C.S.), Rio de la Plata y La Gerenza, Paraguay.

J Ethnopharmacol 1995 Jan;45(1):35-41

The insecticidal, moulting inhibition and trypanocidal effects of crude extracts of 7 Paraguayan Asteraceae were evaluated on Triatoma infestans and bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi, respectively. Both mutagenicity and toxicity were evaluated by sister chromatid exchange (SCE) in human peripheral lymphocyte culture and by the lethality test of Artemia salina. The ethanolic extracts from Chromolaena christieana (stem and bark), Achyrocline satureoides (leaves and flowers) and Mikania cordifolia (root and stem), at a concentration of 250 micrograms/ml, showed the highest percentage of lysis on bloodstream forms of Trypanosoma cruzi. The extracts of Chromolaena christieana and Achyrocline satureoides also presented high mutagenic and toxic capacity when they were evaluated by the SCEs assay and Artemia salina test, respectively. Insecticidal activity was only observed in the hexane extract of flowers of Achyrocline satureoides (45% of mortality), when 0.05 microgram of crude concentration was applied on Triatoma infestans. The ethanolic extracts of stem from Mikania cordifolia and Vernonia brasiliana inhibited the moulting of Triatoma infestans when it was compared with their controls. Since no ethnobotanical information on these plants has been found related to similar use in Paraguay, our findings suggest, for the first time, the potential anti-trypanocidal and moulting inhibition of these Asteraceae.

PMID: 7739225 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13. Stimulation of hepatic protein synthesis in response to Mikania cordata root extract in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Mandal PK, Bishayee A, Chatterjee M.

Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Calcutta, India.

Ital J Biochem 1992 Nov-Dec;41(6):345-51

The effect of Mikania Cordata root extract was evaluated on the rate of hepatic protein synthesis in vivo in CCl4-induced liver damage. Pretreatment with the root extract (100 mg/kg, once daily for successive 5 days) showed a marked enhancement in the levels of hepatic DNA, RNA and protein content that were adversely affected with CCl4 treatment in the experimental mice. Increase in the total protein mass, fractional rate of protein synthesis (% of protein synthesized/day), total rate of protein synthesis (fractional rate x protein mass), ribosomal capacity (RNA/protein), ribosomal efficiency (rate/ribosome) and high turnover rate of protein (protein/DNA) in response to the pretreatment of the root extract in hepatic tissue indicated the tissue repair leading to a functional improvement of the hepatocytes that were disorganised with CCl4 intoxication.

PMID: 1283858 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

14. Pharmacological screening of plants recommended by folk medicine as anti-snake venom--I. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities.

Ruppelt BM, Pereira EF, Goncalves LC, Pereira NA.

Departamento de Farmacologia, CCS-ICB, UFRJ, Ilha do Fundao, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1991;86 Suppl 2:203-5

We have observed that several plants used popularly as anti-snake venom show anti-inflammatory activity. From the list prepared by Rizzini, Mors and Pereira some species have been selected and tested for analgesic activity (number of contortions) and anti-inflammatory activity (Evans blue dye diffusion--1% solution) according to Whittle’s technique (intraperitoneal administration of 0.1 N-acetic acid 0.1 ml/10 g) in mice. Previous oral administration of a 10% infusion (dry plant) or 20% (fresh plant) corresponding to 1 or 2 g/kg of Apuleia leiocarpa, Casearia sylvestris, Brunfelsia uniflora, Chiococca brachiata, Cynara scolymus, Dorstenia brasiliensis, Elephantopus scaber, Marsypianthes chamaedrys, Mikania glomerata and Trianosperma tayuya demonstrated analgesic and/or anti-inflammatory activities of varied intensity.

PMID: 1842002 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

15. Inhibition of leukotriene and platelet activating factor synthesis in leukocytes by the sesquiterpene lactone scandenolide.

Ysrael MC, Croft KD.

Research Centre for Natural Sciences, University of Santo Tomas, Manila, Philippines.

Planta Med 1990 Jun;56(3):268-70

The sesquiterpene lactone scandenolide, isolated from the Philippines medicinal plant Mikania cordata, at a dose of 100 microM completely inhibited whole blood chemiluminescence in response to the activators PMA and zymosan. In isolated inflammatory rat leukocytes this compound inhibited both leukotriene B4 and 5-HETE production with IC50 of 15 microM and 30 microM, respectively. The formation of the cyclooxygenase product thromboxane B2 was not inhibited in the concentration range 10 to 200 microM of scandenolide. The formation of the potent inflammatory mediator platelet activating factor (PAF) was suppressed by microM concentrations of scandenolide with an IC50 of less than 20 microM. The presence of a compound in M. cordata which inhibits some of the inflammatory mediators such as leukotrienes and PAF may explain at least in part some of its medicinal properties.

PMID: 2168055 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Antimicrobial activity of kaurenoic acid derivatives substituted on carbon-15.

Davino SC, Giesbrecht AM, Roque NF.

Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Brasil.

Braz J Med Biol Res 1989;22(9):1127-9

The antibacterial and antifungic activities of two kaurenic acids, ent kaurenoic acid and cinnamoylgrandifloric acid isolated from a hexane extract of aerial parts of Mikania laevigata, were investigated and compared with the activities of other kaurenic acid derivatives substituted on carbon-15. Only acetylgrandifloric acid (ent-kaur-16-en-15 alpha-acetyloxy-19-oic) and its epimer xylopic acid (ent-kaur-16-en-15 beta-acetyloxy-19-oic) displayed significant antibacterial activity at concentrations greater than or equal to 250 micrograms/ml, the 15 alpha epimer being the most active.

PMID: 2517587 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

17. Neuropharmacological studies on Mikania cordata root extract.

Bhattacharya S, Pal S, Chaudhuri AK.

Planta Med 1988 Dec;54(6):483-7

PMID: 3212071 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

18. Chemoprophylaxis of schistosomiasis: molluscacidal activity of natural products--assays with adult snails and oviposition [Article in Portuguese]

de Souza CP, de Azevedo ML, Lopes JL, Sarti SJ, dos Santos Filho D, Lopes JN, Vichnewski W, Nasi AM, Leitao Filho HF.

An Acad Bras Cienc 1984 Sep;56(3):333-8

Data concerning the molluscicidal activity of 159 extracts from 84 Brazilian plants on Biomphalaria glabrata, the most important intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, are presented. Seventy eight extracts (49,0%) showed activity against snails or eggs, but only twenty nine (18.2%) were active on both, snails and eggs. Extracts of two species (Mikania hirsutissima and Qualea multiflora) have shown to be lethals to adult snails at 10 ppm concentration.

PMID: 6548884 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

19. Micordilin, a complex elemanolide from Mikania cordifolia.

Herz W, Subramaniam PS, Murari R, Dennis N, Blount JF.

J Org Chem 1977 May 13;42(10):1720-5

PMID: 853323 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

20. Contribution to the botanical study of Mikania hirsutissima DC. var. hirsutissima. II. Eternal morphology and anatomy of the leaf, flower, fruit and seed [Article in Portuguese]

de Oliveira F.

Rev Farm Bioquim Univ Sao Paulo 1972 Jan-Jun;10(1):15-36

PMID: 4645496 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]